ACES Publication Search
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| Title: | ACES Journal December 2025 Front/Back Matter |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1968 KB |
| Title: | ACES Journal December 2025 Full |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 52 KB |
| Title: | ACES Journal December 2025 Cover |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 105442 KB |
| Title: | Space and Frequency Extrapolation for Deep Learning Design of Coupling Matrix for Microwave Filters |
| Abstract: | In this paper, we propose a deep-learning-based neural network namely, a convolutional neural network (CNN) for predicting frequency response of a microwave filter as a function of its extrapolated coupling parameters. Thus, in this paper, coupling properties of a microwave filter comprise its design space. This space characterizes the filter’s frequency response in complex domain. Moreover, we propose a CNN-based method to extrapolate the response in frequency. Thereby, excessive simulations and long computational time can be avoided as opposed to electromagnetic (EM) solvers. The training of the proposed CNN is based on a circuit model. In order to exhibit the robustness of the new technique, it is applied on 5- and 8-pole filters and compared with a shallow neural network namely, radial basis function neural network (RBFNN). The results reveal that the CNN can achieve extrapolation in both design space and frequency for microwave filters with high accuracy and speed. For a 5-pole filter, the percentage root mean square error (RMSE) between ideal and predicted response of CNN is found to be 0.28% and 0.09% for design space exploration (DSE) and frequency extrapolation (FE), respectively. For an 8-pole filter, the percentage RMSE of CNN is found to be 0.38% and 0.11% for DSE and FE, respectively. |
| Author(s): | T. Sallam, Q. Wang |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 481 KB |
| Title: | Parallel Structured Mesh Generation for FDTD Simulations by MPI Implementation |
| Abstract: | A parallel structured mesh generation method is proposed for FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain) simulation in this paper by MPI (Message Passing Interface) implementation. This parallel method is based on serial projection and ray tracing. It completely implements the process from surface triangles recorded in a STL (STereoLithography) file to solid hexahedral grids. Furthermore, the parallel method realizes the balanced task allocation for processes which provides almost linear parallelism. Experimental results show that the running time of the MPI program increases in a nearly linear way. As the number of processes increases, the efficiency of the parallel program consistently remains above 80%. |
| Author(s): | J. Guo, J. Chen |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 6437 KB |
| Title: | An Enhanced Bayesian Compressive Sensing Method of Moments for Monostatic Scattering Problems |
| Abstract: | In this paper, an Enhanced Bayesian Compressive Sensing method based on the Method of Moments (EBCS-MoM) is proposed to accelerate the solution of three-dimensional electromagnetic scattering problems. Unlike conventional Bayesian Compressive Sensing method based on the Method of Moments (BCS-MoM) approaches, EBCS-MoM employs a Gaussian Scale Mixture prior to model parameters and introduces Laplace or Student’s T hyperpriors to induce sparsity. To reduce the high computational cost of matrix inversion in traditional BCS-MoM, EBCS-MoM uses a surrogate function to approximate the Gaussian likelihood, allowing for an analytical posterior form. The algorithm then maximizes the marginal likelihood to construct a joint optimization problem, which is efficiently solved under the Majorization–Minimization framework using a Block Coordinate Descent method. This reduces the per-iteration complexity to o(n2). Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly accelerates computation while maintaining accuracy. |
| Author(s): | L. Sun, Z. Wang, C. Li |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 6534 KB |
| Title: | Design of Ultra-Wideband Antenna Based on Gaussian Process Regression and Genetic Algorithms |
| Abstract: | Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) algorithm and Genetic Algorithms (GA) are used to design a scheme suitable for antenna optimization in this paper. GPR algorithms are used to build so-called surrogate models, or machine learning models, to replace full-wave simulation calculations to save time. GA is used to find the optimal solution that satisfies the optimization objective. The optimal solution obtained by GA is re-calculated with full-wave electromagnetic simulation. The surrogate model can be updated with new data when the full-wave simulation results don’t meet the target. An ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna is designed by using this optimization scheme. Six structural parameters of the UWB antenna are used to optimize the design, and a total of 10 groups are used to train the surrogate model. Finally, the optimization is completed through 7 iterations. Finally, the UWB antenna is analyzed, fabricated and tested, which shows an operating frequency band of 2.95–11.43 GHz, and a physical size of 30×27×1.6 mm3. |
| Author(s): | D. L. Mi, X. W. Dai, J. S. Zhao, Z. Li, G. Li, H. Hong |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 16872 KB |
| Title: | Use of Plasma in Developing Stealth Technology |
| Abstract: | The objective of this work is to study the scattering characteristics of multiple coatings of plasma coated cylinders and spheres. Both dielectric and conducting cases are considered. The dielectric constant or the refractive index of plasma has a significant impact on the radar cross-section (RCS) of the geometries under study. Using experimentally reported plasma dielectric constants obtained from collision frequency and plasma frequency, we observed that in some cases, depending on the choice of parameters, we see reduction of RCS whereas in others the RCS is enhanced. As a result, designers need to apply plasma with care when it is used as an absorber for RCS reduction. The results of this work are expected to be applicable to the development of plasma stealth technology, which has gained a lot of interest lately. |
| Author(s): | S. Singh |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 3763 KB |
| Title: | Effect of the Inner Shape on the Scattering Cross-Section of an Aperture on an Electrically Large High-Q Cavity |
| Abstract: | This paper presents the effect of the inner shape on the statistical properties of the scattering cross-section of an aperture on a high-Q cavity. By combining the full-wave method and Monte Carlo simulations, the mean scattered far-field pattern of the aperture on a high-Q cavity can be obtained accurately. We show that the cosine roll-off distribution for the scattered far-field pattern is only an approximation for ideal cases, while the thickness and the inner shape of the aperture can affect the scattered far-field pattern significantly. Different models are used to demonstrate this phenomenon and the results are compared against the ideal cosine roll-off. |
| Author(s): | F. Tian, F. Fang, B. Peng, Y. Zhao, Q. Xu |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 10390 KB |
| Title: | Design and Experimental Validation of a Compact 10 dB Microstrip Directional Coupler for 2.4 GHz Applications |
| Abstract: | This paper presents the design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement of a compact 10 dB microstrip directional coupler operating at 2.4 GHz and fabricated on a cost-effective FR-4 substrate. The design process integrates analytical even-odd mode impedance synthesis, circuit-level simulation using ADS LineCalc, and full-wave electromagnetic (EM) optimization to control coupling, isolation, and insertion loss with high fidelity. The measured coupling factor was −10.3 dB at 2.4 GHz, with isolation exceeding 18 dB and insertion loss below −0.65 dB. The simulation-to-measurement deviation was only 0.4 dB, indicating strong design-to-fabrication correlation. A reflection coefficient less than −20 dB confirms excellent impedance matching, while the single-layer, compact layout enables easy integration into wireless front ends, antenna feeding networks, and RF measurement systems. Compared with similar FR-4 based couplers in the literature, this proposed design achieves competitive electrical performance and demonstrates better simulation–measurement deviation, without requiring premium substrates, multilayer fabrication, or lumped-element compensation. |
| Author(s): | M. O. Kok, F. Kaburcuk, A. Z. Elsherbeni |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 11529 KB |
| Title: | Calculation of Bending Effects on the Lumped Inductance for Cables Using the Line Current Model |
| Abstract: | This paper presents a semi-analytical method to calculate the bending effects on cable inductance at low frequencies using the line current model (LCM). To deal with the divergent items of the self-inductance obtained by the LCM, some cautious treatments are adopted to counteract the divergent terms between the straightened LCM and bent LCM, leading to a semi-analytical formula for the inductance deviation of the parallel-pair cable. The LCM is then applied to the coaxial cable in collaboration with the decomposition of the conductors, to take into account the mutual inductance among the portions of each conductor. The results of the proposed semi-analytical method are compared with those obtained by the finite element method (FEM), which validates the accuracy of the method. Furthermore, the dependence of the inductance deviation on cable parameters is illuminated for reference of realistic inductance determination. |
| Author(s): | X. Chen, H. Yin, G. Zhang, F. de Paulis, X. He |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 16279 KB |
| Title: | Analysis of Velocity-Acceleration Double Closed-Loop Control for Double-Sided Switched Reluctance Linear Machine System |
| Abstract: | A model of a velocity-acceleration double closed-loop control for a double-sided switched reluctance linear machine (DSRLM) system is presented in this paper. The velocity single closed-loop control with PI or Fuzzy regulators is contrasted with the velocity-acceleration double closed-loop controller. The response time and response characteristics under six distinct control algorithms are compared, and the most appropriate speed regulation controller is chosen. |
| Author(s): | H. Chen, S. Brovanov, J. Toshov, J. Liu, X. Wang, A. Musolino, N. Zhakiyev, M. Shamiyev, A. O. Pulatov |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 23297 KB |
| Title: | Multi-Objective Optimization of Permanent Magnet Motor Based on the Stochastic Collocation Method |
| Abstract: | In this paper, a novel multi-objective optmization method based on the stochastic collocation method (SCM) is proposed, and the effectiveness of this method is verified by finite element method (FEM) simulations on a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with a two-layer Halbach array structure for electric vehicles (EVs). First, the proposed optimization method is introduced; then, the multi-objective optimization problem of the PMSM is defined; third, the optimization parameters are divided into two different subspaces according to their influence on the optimization objective; finally, each subspace is optimized sequentially. The FEM results show that the optimized motor has higher torque, lower torque ripple, and higher sinusoidal back-EMF. |
| Author(s): | H. Cao, J. Xiao, C. Yang, J. Zhu |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 40 Number: 12 Year: 2025 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 10858 KB |