ACES Publication Search
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| Title: | ACES Journal September 2023 Cover |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1970 KB |
| Title: | ACES Journal September 2023 Front/Back Matter |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 200 KB |
| Title: | ACES Journal September 2023 Full |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 28712 KB |
| Title: | Neural Network Modeling for the Reduction of Scattering Grating Lobes of Arrays |
| Abstract: | The monostatic radar cross-section (RCS) of an array is seriously deteriorated by the scattering grating lobe. In this paper, the scattering grating lobe of an array is suppressed by metal walls around elements. The artificial neural network with Fourier series-based transfer functions is used to accelerate the design process. A 1×8 array with the patch element operating in the range from 9.4 to 10.6 GHz is studied. The monostatic RCS of the array with designed metal walls is compared with that of the array with no metal wall. Simulated results show that the scattering grating lobe of the array with metal walls is suppressed by 5.8 dB at 12 GHz, and the change of radiation performance is acceptable. The design procedure is also available for other arrays with reduced scattering grating lobes. |
| Author(s): | Z.-X. Liu, W.-H. Su, S.-J. Zhang, W. Shao |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 2021 KB |
| Title: | Outlier Detection-aided Supervised Learning for Modeling of Thinned Cylindrical Conformal Array |
| Abstract: | In this paper, a scheme of outlier detectionaided supervised learning (ODASL) is proposed for analyzing the radiation pattern of a thinned cylindrical conformal array (TCCA), considering the impact of mutual coupling. The ODASL model has the advantage in speed improvement and memory consumption reduction, which enables a quick generation of the synthesis results with good generalization. The utilization of the active element pattern (AEP) technique in the model also contributes to the prediction of the array performance involving mutual coupling. The effectiveness of the ODASL model is demonstrated through a numerical example of the 12-element TCCA. |
| Author(s): | Y. Hong, W. Shao , Y. H. Lv, Z. N. Chen |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 6495 KB |
| Title: | Parametric Modeling for Curved Slots of Vivaldi Antenna Based on Artificial Neural Network |
| Abstract: | This paper proposes an artificial neural network (ANN) model based on parametric modeling for curved slots of the Vivaldi antenna. A more effective processing method is achieved by feeding ANN with the point positions that produce curved edges via cubic spline interpolation rather than the picture of metallic patches. The predicted results of ANN, including S-parameter and gain, agree well with those from the full-wave simulation. With the trained model, a Vivaldi antenna with the lower cut-off frequency is optimized by the multi-objective genetic algorithm. |
| Author(s): | W.-H. Su, W. Shao, H. Ou, S.-J. Zhang |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 7693 KB |
| Title: | A Pre-splitting Green’s Function based Hybrid Fast Algorithm for Multiscale Problems |
| Abstract: | Based on the splitting form of the Green’s function, a hybrid fast algorithm is proposed for efficient analysis of multiscale problems. In this algorithm, the Green’s function is a priori split into two parts: a spectrally band-limited part and a spatially localized part. Then, the fast Fourier transforms (FFT) utilizing the global Cartesian grid and the matrix compression method aided by an adaptive octree grouping are implemented for these two parts, respectively. Compared with the traditional methods which only employ the FFT for acceleration, the proposed hybrid fast algorithm is capable of maintaining low memory consumption in multiscale problems without compromising time cost. Moreover, the proposed algorithm does not need cumbersome geometric treatment to implement the hybridization, and can be established in a concise and straightforward manner. Several numerical examples discretized with multiscale meshes are provided to demonstrate the computational performance of proposed hybrid fast algorithm. |
| Author(s): | G.-Y. Zhu, W.-D. Li, W. E. I. Sha, H.-X. Zhou, W. Hong |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 5749 KB |
| Title: | Physics-informed Deep Learning to Solve 2D Electromagnetic Scattering Problems |
| Abstract: | The utilization of physics-informed deep learning (PI-DL) methodologies provides an approach to augment the predictive capabilities of deep learning (DL) models by constraining them with known physical principles. We utilize a PI-DL model called the deep operator network (DeepONet) to solve two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetic (EM) scattering problems. Numerical results demonstrate that the discrepancy between the DeepONet and conventional method of moments (MoM) is small, while maintaining computational efficiency. |
| Author(s): | J.-Y. Wang, X.-M. Pan |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 12601 KB |
| Title: | A Hybrid QOGWO-GPR Algorithm for Antenna Optimization |
| Abstract: | Optimization of antenna performance is a non-linear, multi-dimensional and complex issue, which entails a significant investment of time and labor. In this paper, a hybrid algorithm of quasi-opposition grey wolf optimization (QOGWO) and Gaussian process regression (GPR) model is proposed for antenna optimization. The QOGWO is prone to global optimality, high precision for complex problems, and fast convergence rate at the later stage. The GPR model can reduce time cost of antenna samples generation. After being optimized by the proposed approach, a stepped ultrawideband monopole antenna and a dual-band MIMO antenna for WLAN can achieve wider bandwidth and higher gain or isolation at low time cost, compared to other intelligent algorithms and published literatures. |
| Author(s): | H.-Y. Zhu, J.-W. Qian, X.-H. Tang, W.-D. Li |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 958 KB |
| Title: | Realization of an Optimum Load for Wireless Power Transfer System |
| Abstract: | Wireless power transfer (WPT) system has been an integral part of personal living since its regained interest, especially the magnetic resonance (MR) scheme. MR-WPT scheme suffers, however, change of the coil separation distance and various alignment errors. This paper reports a realization of optimum load for MR-WPT system, which can change the loading impedance accordingly for different coupling coefficients between the Tx and Rx coils. A simple varactor circuit is adopted to realize the optimum load curve. Usefulness of this is demonstrated through both the steady and transient analysis. The proposed realization relies on an open-circuit scheme, and hence it is suitable for scenarios with low-cost and small-size requirements. |
| Author(s): | C. Wang, Q. Wu |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 2107 KB |
| Title: | Antenna Shape Modeling based on Histogram of Oriented Gradients Feature |
| Abstract: | A least square support vector machine (SVM) model is proposed for shape modeling of slot antennas. The slot image is mapped into the electromagnetic response by the SVM model. A modified shapechanging technique is also proposed to describe the antenna geometry by the quadratic uniform B-spline curve and generate the slot images. In the model, the histogram of oriented gradients feature is extracted from the slot images to show the appearance and shape of the slot. The relationship between the histogram of oriented gradient features and the electromagnetic responses is preliminarily built on SVM and the transfer function. Then a radial basis function network is used for error correction. The effectiveness of the proposed model is confirmed with an example of a tri-band microstrip-fed slot antenna. Compared with the convolutional neural network (CNN), the feature extracted by CNN is substituted by the histogram of oriented gradients feature, and the proposed model shows the same accuracy and the improvement of training efficiency. |
| Author(s): | H.-Y. Luo, W.-H. Su, H. Ou, S.-J. Zhang, W. Shao |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1332 KB |
| Title: | Wideband Multi-polarization Reconfigurable Antenna based on Non-uniform Polarization Convert AMC Reflector |
| Abstract: | A novel design of wideband multipolarization reconfigurable antenna is proposed, based on a non-uniform polarization convert artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector. The proposed antenna consists of a radiator element and an AMC reflector. Firstly, a modified polarization convert AMC reflector is designed. The non-uniform AMC reflector causes an enhancement of 3 dB axial ratio (AR) performance. Secondly, a wideband linearly polarized monopole antenna is presented as the main radiator, utilizing the broadband characteristic of a C-shaped monopole. The polarization reconfigurability of the proposed antenna can be achieved by properly rotating the AMC reflector, which can be switched between linear polarization (LP), lefthand circular polarization (LHCP), and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP). A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and experimented with to validate the theoretical performance. The measured results show a - 10 dB impedance bandwidth of 42.7% and 44.4% for LP and CP modes, respectively, and a 3 dB AR bandwidth of 20% for CP modes. In addition, the measured peak gain reaches 8 dBi/dBic. A good agreement is shown between the simulation and measurement, pointing to the good performance of the proposed antenna. |
| Author(s): | L. Li, J.-J. Liang, X. Liu, T. Chen, J. Lv, Z. Wu |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 6353 KB |
| Title: | A Compact Low-profile 5G Millimeter-wave Circularly Polarized Antenna Based on LTCC |
| Abstract: | In this paper, a circularly polarized millimeter-wave L-shaped dipole antenna based on low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) technology is proposed, which realizes compact size and low-profile performance. The designed antenna consists of radiation patches and the grounded coplanar waveguide-substrate integrated waveguide (GCPW-SIW) feeding structure, which connects each other by two via holes. The radiation patches include a pair of L-shaped patches and four parasitic patches. The simulated results show that the proposed antenna operates from 26.5 to 29.5 GHz for |S11| < −10 dB and AR < 3 dB with a peak gain of 6.7 dBic. The antenna element size is only 0.58λ0×0.58λ0×0.056λ0, where λ0 is free-space wavelength at the center frequency of 28 GHz. A sample of the antenna is fabricated and measured to verify the proposed design, which has a good agreement with the simulated ones, indicating that the antenna has potential applications for the fifth generation (5G) mm-Wave n257 (26.5 - 29.5 GHz) frequency band communications and satellite communication systems. |
| Author(s): | T. Wang, J. Wang, C. Ding, Z. Miao, J. Wang, L. Zhao |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 3016 KB |
| Title: | Research on Quasi-isotropic Radiation of Small Circular Arc Antenna |
| Abstract: | The radiation characteristics of circular arc antennas are studied by applying the method of moments (MoM) to solve the electric field integral equation (EFIE). Based on the triangular current distribution of small circular arc antennas, the analytical expression of radiation fields of circular arc antennas is derived. It is found that the circular arc antenna is equivalent to a superposition of an electric dipole and a magnetic dipole, resulting in near isotropic radiation pattern. Finally, both MoM and CST simulations show that the small arc antenna can realize the near isotropic radiation pattern. |
| Author(s): | H. Liu, J. Liu, X. Nie, J. Song, Z. Li |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 2039 KB |
| Title: | A Sector Ring Shape UWB Antenna by Tightly Coupling |
| Abstract: | In this paper, a sector ring shape UWB microstrip antenna based on the tight coupling is proposed. The continuous current and electric field distribution are formed by the coupling effect between microstrip patches. This design expanded the bandwidth of this antenna and realized a high-gain performance. To achieve the miniaturization design, the ring microstrip patches are staggered and the ground is removed to effectively reduce the size of the antenna. The ring shaped antenna has a 31 mm outside diameter and a 21 mm inside diameter, with a 2 mmthick substrate. Besides the excellent mechanical features, such as being compact and easy to fabricate, the proposed antenna also shows good characteristics in radiation patterns and time-domain behaviors. The results show that the antenna achieves the effect of S11 less than -10 dB in the working frequency band of 2 GHz to 8 GHz, and the simulated results are in good agreement with the measured ones. The antenna realizes low profile and broadband in a novel approach, and this antenna can be used in V2X vehicle systems and IoT networks. |
| Author(s): | Z. Wang, Z. Chen, Z. Tang, L. Phav, F. Chen |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 2579 KB |
| Title: | Design of Multilayer Wideband Microwave Absorbers using Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer |
| Abstract: | In this paper, an improved heuristic algorithm based on the disturbance and somersault foraging grey wolf optimizer (IDSFGWO) is proposed to optimize the design of multilayer wideband microwave absorbers for normal incidence. The multilayer absorber is designed to reduce maximum reflection coefficient by choosing suitable layers of materials from a predefined database. Three improvement strategies are given to enhance the performance of GWO, including tent map, nonlinear perturbation, and somersault foraging. The optimization results show that the reflection coefficients optimized by IDSFGWO are better than those of other algorithms for multilayer absorber design. |
| Author(s): | H. N. Zhang, Z. F. Zhang, Y. Du, W. B. Kong, X. F. Yang, Z. Q. Fang |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1030 KB |
| Title: | Design of a Pulse Transformer for X-band Klystron |
| Abstract: | Future linear accelerators require klystrons with higher radio frequency (RF) to drive higher gradient accelerating structure. An x-band accelerator structure was used to accelerate electrons at the Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser Facility (SXFEL) in Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SARI-CAS). A pulse transformer is a crucial device in an RF system. This study presents a highvoltage pulse transformer used for a 50 MW x-band pulsed klystron in SXFEL. Typical specifications of the pulse transformer are peak pulse voltage 420 kV, peak pulse current 300 A, 50 Hz repetition rate and 1.5 μs flattop pulse width. Design and optimization of pulse transformer are achieved by using equivalent circuit analytic methods and computational aided simulation. The relevant experiments show that this pulse transformer can meet the requirements of 50MW x-band klystron. |
| Author(s): | Y. Liu, Y. Wu, X. Zhou, J. Tong |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1386 KB |
| Title: | A Miniaturized C-B and SIW Bandpass Filter based on LTCC |
| Abstract: | In this paper, a miniaturized bandpass filter based on low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology is proposed. The miniaturization is achieved by two double folded substrate integrated waveguide (DFSIW) resonant cavities. By interconnecting LTCC three-dimensional structure, the resonant cavities can be stacked vertically. Compared with the conventional SIW filter, the size is reduced by 75.6%. The experimental results show that the low insertion loss and good selectivity are achieved. The proposed miniaturized bandpass filter is promising for 5G application. |
| Author(s): | W. Tang, R.-F. Xu, L. Zhao |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 3006 KB |
| Title: | A Compact Bandpass Filter with Active Switchable Passband Status |
| Abstract: | In order to meet the increasing demand for adjustable devices in the modern wireless communication system, a compact bandpass filter with active switchable passband is proposed. The filter is based on the half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW), and uses its cut-off characteristics to form the lower stopband. The resonant characteristics of a quarterwavelength shorted stub generates a transmission zero (TZ) at higher frequency, which forms the upper stopband. The active control of DC power supply determines the biased states of PIN diodes to change the electrical size of the filtering parts. When the diodes are reverse biased, the filter works in C band with the passband of 3.9-5.2 GHz; when the diodes are forward biased, the passband shifts to S band of 2.7-3.6 GHz. The 28.6% relative bandwidth in both frequency bands remains constant. The simple design realizes the active switching between bands, providing a promising idea for active adjustable devices. |
| Author(s): | R. Xu, W. Tang, J. Wang, L. Zhao |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 3654 KB |
| Title: | Magnetic Field Analysis and Measurement of Pulsed Septum Magnet |
| Abstract: | Traditional off-axis injection becomes inadequate in diffraction limited storage ring (DLSR) for its small dynamic aperture (DA). On-axis injection with thin septum could solve the problem. This paper focuses on the theoretical calculation, field simulation, and measurement of thin septum magnets. The scheme of eddycurrent type thin septum magnets (the thinnest portion is with the thickness of 0.9 mm) was adopted with laminated silicon steel sheets as the magnet core. The simulation of main field, stray field along the beam trajectory, the leakage field decayed over 1 millisecond time was carried out within Opera 2D/3D. Field measurement and analysis of thin septum magnets also has been conducted comprehensively. The results meet requirements, and the work laid a foundation for injection technology of an advanced light source. |
| Author(s): | J. Tong, Y. Liu |
| File Type: | Journal Paper |
| Issue: | Volume: 38 Number: 9 Year: 2023 |
| Download Link: | Click here to download PDF File Size: 1788 KB |